• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    There is shown a steady rest for supporting a workpiece (7) with a carrier (11) and with a shell (5) designed to provide a hydrostatic bearing (14) between shell (5) and workpiece (7), the workpiece (7) via the bearing liquid (45) of the hydrostatic bearing (14) support. In order to provide a particularly stable device, it is proposed that the steady rest (1), in particular in the region of the shell (5) provided, retaining means (57), which when editing the shape and / or positional deviation of the hydrostatically supported workpiece ( 7) forms a protection of the storage liquid (45) of the hydrostatic bearing (14) against contamination.
    公开号:AT15073U1
    申请号:TGM50190/2015U
    申请日:2011-08-03
    公开日:2016-12-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Wfl Millturn Technologies Gmbh & Co Kg；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description: The invention relates to a machine tool and a steady rest for supporting a workpiece with a carrier and with a shell, which is designed to provide a hydrostatic bearing between shell and workpiece, to support the workpiece via the bearing fluid of the hydrostatic bearing.
    In order to support long cylindrical workpieces in their processing to reduce a shape deviation (eg: cylindricity, roundness, etc.) and / or a positional deviation (eg: concentricity) positionally accurate, it is known from the prior art (DE3909411A1) To provide a hydrostatic bezel on the bed of the machine tool on which the workpiece can load during its processing. For this purpose, a bearing liquid is introduced between a shell of the steady rest and the workpiece, in order then to machine the workpiece under the action of cooling lubricant from the tool of the machine tool. However, it has proved to be disadvantageous that, despite the hydrostatic bearing of the workpiece, a deviation in shape and / or position can not be further reduced with increasing machining time. Such machine tools can therefore not guarantee a stable method of reducing a shape and / or position deviation.
    Furthermore, from the AT335303B a bezel is known, which forms a hydrostatic bearing between the shell and the workpiece when starting. For this purpose, a limited by an annular piston sliding surface of the shell is subjected to an increased pressure on bearing liquid to lift the workpiece from the shell. After these requests or when editing the shape and / or position deviation of this hydrostatic bearing is inactive and between shell and workpiece, a hydrodynamic sliding bearing is formed.
    The invention is therefore based on the above-mentioned prior art the task of creating a simple to handle bezel that can be used universally and always for a stable hydrostatic support of a workpiece in order to meet the highest requirements in a reduction of a molding and / or position deviation to be able to correspond to a workpiece.
    The invention solves the problem set by the fact that the bezel has a, in particular in the region of the shell provided, retaining means which forms a protection of the bearing fluid of the hydrostatic bearing against contamination during processing of the shape and / or positional deviation of the hydrostatically supported workpiece ,
    If the steady rest has a retaining device which forms a protection of the bearing fluid of the hydrostatic bearing against contamination when machining the shape and / or positional deviation of the hydrostatically supported workpiece, then it can be ensured in a simple manner that the steady rest can be used extremely flexibly can. Namely, the bearing liquid of the steady rest can be protected from contamination and / or changes by a cooling lubricant, so that even with a comparatively close mounting of the steady rest on the processing area of the workpiece, a precise bearing of the workpiece can always be ensured.
    In addition, this can reduce the risk of bearing damage to the workpiece. The invention has come to the realization that the hydrostatic bearing by the inventive protection of the bearing fluid from the coolant lubricant always highest demands for accurate support of the workpiece and thus can not jeopardize the reduction of the shape and / or positional deviation on the workpiece.
    Furthermore, such a steady rest can lead to constructive simplifications on a machine tool, because regardless of the mounting point of the steady rest, a protection of the storage liquid can always be ensured.
    It is crucial that the retaining device is provided such that at least when editing the shape and / or positional deviation of the workpiece, the cooling lubricant substantially does not contaminate the storage liquid. For example, such a contamination can be an introduction of impurities by mixing the two different liquids and / or, in particular, with identical liquids. In general, it should be mentioned that the cooling lubricant is to be understood as a means for lubricating and / or cooling. A retaining device can be understood in general, wherein any configuration is conceivable, for example as a liquid-tight plate or as a sealing lip, which encloses the hydrostatic bearing.
    In order to protect the bearing fluid against the cooling lubricant, it can be provided that the retaining device is formed liquid-tight and at least partially concerns the workpiece. By the concerns of the retainer can also be easily avoided penetration of chips in the storage area of the shell, which can additionally improve the stability of the bezel and thus the machine tool. In order to avoid damage to the workpiece in a simple manner, the retainer is on an elastic seal on the workpiece.
    Form at least the carrier and the carrier-mounted retainer from a foreclosure comprising the hydrostatic bearing, then the hydrostatic bearing can be easily sealed off against chips and cooling lubricant. The thus created particularly stable bezel can thus not affect the processing requirements even with long periods of operation, which can distinguish the invention over the prior art particularly.
    If the retaining device has a filter for cleaning a cooling lubricant that may be mixed with the bearing fluid, then a separation of the bearing fluid and the cooling lubricant can advantageously be abandoned, since any contamination is indeed to be kept away from the bearing fluid by filtering. A precise storage of the workpiece can thus be ensured by the bezel. Simple design and handling conditions may result if the bearing fluid is a coolant lubricant.
    A slim retainer can be provided when the retainer is attached to the shell. This can also be a substantial restriction of the processing space of the tool can be reduced by the proposed retainer, so that the workpiece can be processed even close to the shells.
    The restraint device can also generally be understood to mean that it has a compressed air curtain for protecting the storage fluid from contamination.
    Is the hydrostatic bearing having shell connected via a spherical bearing with the support of the steady rest, then there may be an improved adaptation of the hydrostatic bearing to the contour of the workpiece. In addition to the advantage of reducing leakage of hydraulic fluid from the bearing, the risk of contact of the shell with the workpiece in the region of the hydrostatic bearing can be reduced. Damage to the workpiece or the bezel can be avoided. In addition, that also the function of the retaining device can be improved. If, in fact, the retaining device is fastened to the shell, then, as a result of the mobility of the shell, due to the joint bearing, a guided connection of the retaining device to the workpiece can be created. In a structurally simple way so a contamination of the bearing fluid can be steadily prevented by the cooling lubricant, which can particularly distinguish the machine tool compared to the prior art.
    If the steady rest has a further shell for supporting the upper workpiece half of the workpiece, increased support forces can thus act on the underside of the workpiece, without having to accept an unstable mounting of the workpiece. Thus, for example, high deflections of the workpiece can be compensated by the steady rest, which can lead to an increased reduction of the shape and / or position deviation.
    In particular, the bezel may comprise an actuator, wherein the shell via a
    Actuator is connected to the carrier.
    The steady rest according to the invention can be particularly suitable for a machine tool. As a result, in the case of a machine tool, it is possible to always ensure a precise hydrostatic bearing of the workpiece despite the machining of the workpiece under the action of cooling lubricant, so that its shape and / or position deviation can be steadily reduced by a clamped workpiece. Due to the inventive solution of providing a retaining device, therefore, a precise storage of the workpiece can also be made possible when the processing area on the workpiece comes close to the bezel. The machine tool according to the invention can thus follow the highest processing requirements and is also extremely precise in the reduction of shape and / or position deviations due to the stable hydrostatic bearing. In addition, a retaining device is relatively simple in construction and thus allows a comparatively inexpensive machine tool.
    If this is provided on the side of the slant bed carrier facing actuator connected to an angle drive, then a simplified design condition of the steady rest in the inclined bed area of the machine tool can result. The housing of the bezel can therefore be made relatively slim in this area, so as to be able to support comparatively large workpieces. In addition, with angular drive, increased freedom in locating the actuators to the actuators may result, which may further simplify the design requirements for the steady rest.
    If the machine tool has a sensor for receiving measurement data dependent on a setting force of a shell on the workpiece and a data processing unit connected to the sensor for calculating the setting force of the shell, adjustment errors of the steady rest relative to the workpiece can be achieved in a simple manner be avoided. In addition, the workpiece can be protected against increased bearing loads or against an unstable bearing on the bezel, whereby the machine tool can also distinguish themselves from the prior art.
    In the figures, for example, the subject invention is illustrated by embodiments. 1 shows a torn-open side view of a steady rest of a machine tool with a retaining device, FIG. 2 shows a front view of the machine tool according to FIG. 1, [0024] FIG. 3 shows an enlarged partial view of the steady rest according to FIG Fig. 4 shows alternative embodiments to a retaining device, and Fig. 5 shows a view according to Fig. 3 with electronic components.
    The steady rest 1 shown for example in FIG. 1 is mounted on a carriage 2 which is displaceably mounted on rails 17 along the longitudinal extension of an inclined bed 3 of a machine tool 400. The bezel 1 has three shells 4, 5 and 6, which according to the contour of the clamped workpiece 7 manufactured bearing surfaces 4 ', 5' and 6 'form. The shells 4, 5 and 6 are each connected via an actuator 8, 9 and 10 to the carrier 11 of the bezel 1, so that on the shells 4, 5 and 6, the center of the workpiece 7 even at a deflection of the central axis or axis 12th of the workpiece 7 can be brought into the axis of rotation 13 of the machine tool 400. Such a deflection -without support from the steady rest 1- is shown in a covered manner in FIG. In order to be able to extremely precisely reduce a runout on the workpiece 7, a hydrostatic bearing 14 is provided between the shell 5 and the workpiece 7, which can be better seen in FIG. By virtue of this hydrostatic bearing of the workpiece 7 via a bearing liquid 45, damage to the workpiece 7, which can manifest itself, for example, in grinding marks, can also be avoided. 2, a feed device 55 is provided on the machine tool 400, via which feed device 55 a cooling lubricant 56 can be applied to the workpiece 42 machined by the tool 42 on the workpiece 7 in order to produce this region 42 '. to cool and / or lubricate.
    However, in order not to reduce the stability of the hydrostatic bearing 14, a restraining device 57 is attached to the carrier 11 of the steady rest 1. The liquid-tight retention device 57 is designed plate-shaped, however, any other embodiments are conceivable. A mixing of storage liquid 45 of the bearing 14 and cooling lubricant 56 of the feed device 55 can now be avoided by means of this retaining device 57, so that there is no disadvantageous influence on the reduction of a shape and / or positional deviation despite comparatively long processing times during machining in the region of the steady rest 1 must be expected. Thus, according to the invention, a stable machine tool 400 can be created.
    Of the two lateral shells 4 and 6, for example, the shell 4 also has a hydrostatic bearing 15, the shell 6 made of a soft metal (or other plain bearing materials, for example plastics, etc.) being provided on the workpiece 7. The shells 4 and 6 are used to fix the center of the workpiece 7. However, it is also conceivable to omit the shell 5 and to allow the support only on the shells 4 and 6, in which case, for example, only proposed, the two shells 4th and 6 to be provided with a hydrostatic bearing 15, which has not been shown in detail. Other versions, such as mixed type of operation are conceivable.
    The shells 4, 5 and 6 are connected via tail connections 16 with the actuators 8, 9 and 10 and thus advantageously replaceable, which can be seen particularly clearly from FIG. The actuators 8, 9 and 10 allow a radial adjustment of the shells 4, 5 and 6 in the direction of the workpiece 7, so as to be able to provide support for the lower half 7 "of the workpiece 7 or a support below the centroid line of the workpiece 7 The actuators 8, 9 and 10 are mounted on a support 11 of the steady rest 1. In order to achieve self-locking of the position of the actuators 8 and 9, these actuators 8 and 9 are driven by a worm 18 acting on a gear 19 of a threaded rod 20 acts. The threaded rod 20 now ensures the respective displacement of the respective actuator 8 and 9 depending on the operation of the rotating device 21st
    Narrow construction conditions, in particular in the region of the inclined bed 3, can be followed in a simple manner in the formation of the bezel 1 by the actuator 10 is actuated via an angle drive 22, which can be taken from Fig. 1. The rotating device 21 can be provided comparatively independent of the position of the actuator 10 on the bezel 1, in particular so also on the inclined bed 3 opposite support member 23 of the bezel 1. The angle drive 22 has a bevel gear 24 which engages with a screw 25th stands, wherein the worm 25 provides via the gear 26 for rotation of a threaded rod 27 in order to move the actuator 10 in the direction of the workpiece 7 radially.
    Furthermore, a shell 28 of the bezel 1 on the upper workpiece half 7 'additionally creates a support. The shell 28 is adjustable via an actuator 29 in the direction of the workpiece 7 and mounted on the carrier 11 via a pivot arm 30 pivotally. Through the shell 28, an increased support of the lower workpiece half 7 "can be applied to the workpiece 7.
    As can be seen in particular from FIG. 4, the hydrostatic bearings 14 are connected to at least one supply line 61 for introducing storage liquid 45. In particular, to prevent contamination of the bearing liquid 45 by the cooling lubricant 56, the retaining device 57 can also be provided in the shells 4, 5, 6, which have a hydrostatic bearing 14 - as for example in the shell 5, as shown in Fig. 4. The retaining device 57 is thus attached to the shell 5 adjacent to the hydrostatic bearing 14.
    It is now conceivable to provide a liquid-tight retention device 57, which prevents in the manner of a seal 58 between shell 5 and workpiece 7 penetration of cooling lubricant 56 into the hydrostatic bearing 14. In addition, this liquid-tight retention device 57 can prevent contaminants from entering the bearing 14, which can preclude any risk of damage to the bearing 14 and the workpiece 7. In order to discharge the storage liquid 45 from the bearing 14, a removal line 62 is provided.
    The restraint device 57 can also be configured as an alternative liquid permeable. For example, as shown in Fig. 4, the retainer 57 has a filter 63 to remove contaminants in the cooling lubricant 56 before this coolant lubricant 56 can penetrate the bearing 14 - resulting in high durability of the hydrostatic bearing 14. Advantageously, the cooling lubricant 56 can thus also be used as storage liquid 45, so that simple construction conditions can additionally result.
    In the following, a method for reducing a shape and / or positional deviation of a workpiece using the machine tool 400 will be briefly described, for example: First, the workpiece 7 is clamped in a 5-axis machine tool 400. According to FIG. 2, it can be seen that the workpiece 7 is introduced into a workpiece clamping device 38, for example into a chuck, of a workpiece spindle stock 39. However, it is conceivable that with two lunettes only via a monovalent feed, which feed transmits only one rotation on the workpiece 7, the workpiece 7 is clamped, which has not been shown in detail. Such a feed can represent, for example, an Oldham clutch.
    Then a tailstock 40 is pressed with centering 41 with open Werkstückspannvorrich-device 38 to the other end of the workpiece and then the workpiece clamping device 38 is closed. In order to compensate for the inclination of the bending line 12 in the area of the workpiece clamping device 38, which can lead to an oblique clamping of the workpiece 7, it is proposed to provide a setting force on the lower side of the workpiece 7, to open the workpiece clamping device 38 and then close it again which has not been presented. Highest accuracy when clamping the workpiece 7 can be so satisfied. In further consequence, a tool 42 can be set against the clamped workpiece 7 in order to prepare the area on the workpiece 7 on which the steady rest 1 will engage. Advantageously, this area is ground by the tool 42 of the machine tool 400 in order to improve the method for reducing the shape and / or position deviation, in particular the runout deviation, in particular. The tool 42 is guided over a tool holder 44 mounted on the slant bed 3 on a slide 43.
    After this processing, the workpiece 7 is rotated and supported by at least one shell 4, 5 or 6 of a fixed to the inclined bed 3 of the machine tool 400 bezel 1. In order to enable a particularly accurate support of the workpiece 7, a bearing liquid 45 for a hydrostatic bearing 14 of the workpiece 7 on the bezel 1 is at least when editing the concentricity etc. of the workpiece 7 between at least one shell 5 of the bezel 1 and the workpiece 7 introduced , Advantageous damping properties of the hydrostatic bearing 14 can thus be utilized for an excellent and precise reduction of a shape and / or positional deviation on the workpiece 4. However, in order to be able to stably use these advantages of storage, a mixing of cooling lubricant 56 and storage liquid 45 must be avoided according to the invention. For this purpose, a retaining device 57 is at least when editing the shape and / or position deviation of the workpiece 7 is provided. Now, regardless of the position of the bezel 1 relative to the feeder 55 and the tool 42, a stable process with the highest accuracy can be made possible.
    According to Fig. 3 it can be seen that the shell 5 is connected to the hydrostatic bearing 14 via a pivot bearing 46 with the carrier 11. For this purpose, this bearing 14 is provided in the course of the actuator 9. Due to the spherical bearing surfaces of the joint bearing 46, a high mobility of the shell 5 can be made possible, so that a particularly adaptable hydrostatic bearing of the workpiece 7 on the bezel 1 can be adjusted. In addition, such a spherical bearing 46 is relatively robust, so that thus a stable machine tool 400 can be created. Such spherical bearing surfaces may for example have a hemispherical shape. In addition, following the movements of the workpiece 7, the spherical plain bearing 46 can always ensure a particularly advantageous connection of the retaining device 57 to the workpiece 7, as becomes apparent in connection with FIG. 4. The attached to the shell 5 retaining device 57 is thus entrained with a workpiece or shell movement.
    The machine tool 400 has, according to FIG. 5, two sensors 47, 48. The sensor 47 receives, for example, bending loads of the actuator 8 in order to be able to provide measurement data for recording the contact force of the shell 4 of the arithmetic unit. For this purpose, the sensor 47 is connected to the arithmetic unit 49 via a data line 50. Alternatively, it is conceivable, as shown to the actuator 10, that the force of the shell 6 is deduced from the fluid which is fed to the hydrodynamic slide bearing of the shell 6. For this purpose, a sensor 48 for measuring the quantity of liquid is provided in the supply line 51 for the fluid of the hydrodynamic sliding bearing. This sensor 48 is also connected via a data line 52 to the arithmetic unit 49. The computing unit 49 can now be used to calculate the contact force of the respective shell 4 and 6 against the workpiece 7, the result being displayed on a display 53 and / or being used to control the adjustment mechanisms of the actuators 8 and 10, respectively create a control loop, which has not been shown in detail. However, the sensor 48 can also be provided in the supply line 54 for the liquid of the hydrodynamic sliding bearing of the shell 4, wherein a wide variety of combinations are conceivable.
    In addition, it is conceivable during the processing via measurements radially on the workpiece surface (for example, 720 samples per workpiece rotation) with a probe (dial gauge) and the evaluation of these measurement data, for example via a nonlinear fit with least squares (non linear LSQ) or SVD (Singular value decomposition) according to Moore Penrose (in a coefficient space after Grassmann (point space)) to monitor the runout parallel or synchronous, which has not been shown. The reaction of the bearing films and / or the mechanical processing behavior can also be detected from a plurality of such measurements and, if necessary, counteracted accordingly or settings can be made automatically to achieve predetermined target values on the machine tool 400.
    As can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, the restraint device 57 shown only partially at least partially on the workpiece 7, for example via an elastic seal 58. A tight seal against penetration of cooling lubricant 56 or a Bearbeitungsabtrags From the workpiece 7 in this area of the bezel 1 can be avoided in a simple manner. In addition, a comparatively universally usable bezel 1 can be created. Advantageously, the retaining device 57 is provided covering on both end sides of the hydrostatic bearing 14, which can be seen in FIG. 1 in partially torn view.
    In order to provide a particularly stable protection, the carrier 11, the support 11 attached to the retaining means 57 and the workpiece 7 forms a hydrostatic bearing 14 comprehensive foreclosure 59, as shown in Fig. 1 hinted. Thus, the U-shaped region of the bezel or the support is sealed off, wherein the actuator 29 and / or the shell 28 protrudes through this partition 59.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    claims
    1. bezel for supporting a workpiece (7) with a support (11) and with a shell (5), which is designed to provide a hydrostatic bearing (14) between the shell (5) and the workpiece (7), the workpiece (7 ) on the bearing liquid (45) of the hydrostatic bearing (14), characterized in that the steady rest (1), in particular in the region of the shell (5) provided, retaining means (57) which during the processing of the molding and / or positional deviation of the hydrostatically supported workpiece (7) forms a protection of the storage liquid (45) of the hydrostatic bearing (14) against contamination.
    [2]
    Second bezel according to claim 1, characterized in that the retaining means (57) is liquid-tight and at least partially abutment on the workpiece (7), in particular via an elastic seal (58) is formed.
    [3]
    3. bezel according to claim 2, characterized in that at least the carrier (11) and the carrier (11) attached to the retaining means (57) forming a hydrostatic bearing (14) comprising foreclosure (59).
    [4]
    4. bezel according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing liquid (45) is a cooling lubricant (56) and that the retaining means (57) has a filter (63) for cleaning a with the bearing liquid (45) possibly blending cooling lubricant (56) having.
    [5]
    5. bezel according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that the retaining means (57) on the shell (5) is fixed.
    [6]
    6. bezel according to claim 1, characterized in that the retaining device (57) has a compressed air curtain to protect the storage fluid (45) against contamination.
    [7]
    7. bezel according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the hydrostatic bearing (14) having shell (5) via a joint bearing (46) with the carrier (11) of the steady rest (1) is connected.
    [8]
    8. bezel according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the steady rest (1) has a further shell (28) for supporting the upper workpiece half (7 ') of the workpiece (7).
    [9]
    9. bezel according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the bezel (1) has an actuator (8, 9, 10), wherein the shell (4, 5, 6) via an actuator (8, 9, 10 ) is connected to the carrier (11).
    [10]
    10. Machine tool with a workpiece (7), with a tool (42) for machining the workpiece (7), with a feed device (55) of cooling lubricant (56) for cooling and / or lubricating at least partially of the tool (42). machined area on the workpiece (7), with a, in particular as a pitch bed (3) executed machine bed, with a, in particular via a carriage (17) fixed to the machine bed, bezel (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, and at least a hydrostatic bearing (14) provided between a shell (5) of the steady rest (1) and the workpiece (7) for supporting the workpiece (7) via the bearing fluid (45) of the bearing (14).
    [11]
    11. Machine tool according to claim 10, characterized in that on the side of the inclined bed (3) facing the support (11) provided actuator (10) with an angle drive (22) is connected.
    [12]
    12. Machine tool according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the machine tool (400) has a sensor (47, 48) for receiving, by a contact force of a shell (4, 6) on the workpiece (7) dependent measurement data and one with the Sensor (47, 48) data-connected arithmetic unit (49) for calculating the contact force of the shell (4, 6) on the workpiece (7). 4 sheets of drawings
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2415557B1|2014-12-10|
    AT510022A4|2012-01-15|
    EP2415557A1|2012-02-08|
    DE202011110606U1|2015-02-12|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
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    DE102014106331A1|2014-05-07|2015-11-12|Amann Girrbach Ag|Workpiece carrier|
    RU2619141C1|2016-01-11|2017-05-12|Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Тверской государственный технический университет"|Method for measuring plane location deviations relative to center of outer spherical surface|
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    DE102016120805B3|2016-11-01|2017-12-28|Technische Universität Kaiserslautern|Device for producing a tool head of a tool|
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    CN110756833B|2019-12-02|2020-10-30|徐州天炬机械有限公司|Turning lathe convenient to work piece axiality alignment|
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    法律状态:
    2021-10-15| MK07| Expiry|Effective date: 20210831 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    AT13012010A|AT510022B1|2010-08-03|2010-08-03|DEVICE AND METHOD FOR REDUCING FORM AND / OR LOCATION DEVIATION, IN PARTICULAR A WORKPIECE OF A WORKPIECE|
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